Case study
First Light Fusion appoint UKAEA to validate fusion experiments
The UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) was appointed by First Light Fusion (First Light) in 2021 to independently validate their fusion experiment results in the inertial confinement approach to fusion. This case study highlights how the independent validation and modelling capabilities of the UKAEA supported the objectives of First Light Fusion.
Introduction
The UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) was invited to analyse and validate First Light Fusion’s (FLF) fusion results before they were officially made public. The validation process included independent modelling of the detector configuration and response, review of all calibration data for both types of neutron detectors used, review of the processing and statistical analysis of the data, full physical access to all detection equipment for hands-on inspection, and the witnessing of a fusion shot. This work took place over three months, leading to the confirmation that First Light had produced neutrons consistent with those from the fusion of deuterium fuel.
About First Light Fusion
Founded in 2011 at the University of Oxford, First Light Fusion is a UK-based deep technology business researching energy generation through inertial fusion energy. As the world’s leading inertial fusion company, First Light pushes the boundaries of science and theoretical modelling by taking a new approach to fusion, known as projectile fusion.
By contracting UKAEA, FLF sought to validate their fusion process, benefiting from UKAEA’s extensive experience, knowledge and expertise in fusion.
Objectives
- To independently witness and validate the experimental setup and results of First Light.
- To provide expert advice on improving detection and measurement systems.
- To use advanced modelling techniques to confirm experimental outcomes.
Process and Outcomes
- Site Visits and Equipment Review:
- UKAEA experts visited First Light’s facilities to review and witness their experimental setup and procedures.
- UKAEA’s team provided recommendations on the use of additional detection systems to strengthen their results.
- Enhanced Detection Systems:
- Advised the implementation of a helium-3 detection system.
- This additional detection system provided independent verification and enhanced the robustness of the measurements.
- Witnessing Fusion Shots:
- UKAEA experts observed multiple fusion shots, ensuring proper execution and data collection.
- Initial attempts were unsuccessful, highlighting the challenges and precision required in such experiments.
- Advanced Modelling:
- Used Monte Carlo radiation transport codes to simulate neutron behaviour and predict detector responses.
- Compared these models with First Light’s experimental data to confirm the accuracy and reliability of the results.
- Independent Validation:
- Comprehensive review of the experimental data and modelling outcomes.
- Produced detailed reports for First Light, validating their neutron production and overall experiment efficacy.
The validation affirmed the successful fusion achievement by First Light Fusion, marking a significant milestone for them in inertial fusion technology.
FLF’s Founder, Dr Nick Hawker, expressed:
“We are delighted with the positive conclusion from this work done with UKAEA. This collaboration has advanced our validation and modelling capabilities, enabling us to move closer to making fusion power a reality.”
Key Contributions
- Expertise in Diagnostics: UKAEA’s long-standing experience with neutron diagnostics and detection systems, such as those used in the JET laboratory, provided invaluable insights to First Light Fusion.
- Modelling Excellence: Utilised sophisticated Monte Carlo simulations to ensure the predictions matched experimental outcomes, thereby confirming the fusion results.
Impact on First Light Fusion
- Independent Validation: The independent validation by UKAEA increased the credibility of First Light’s maiden fusion milestone externally.
- Scientific Recognition: The validation was publicly documented and widely recognised within the scientific community.
Tim Bestwick, UKAEA Director of Business and Innovation, remarked:
“UKAEA is very pleased to support First Light Fusion and the rapidly-growing private sector fusion community in this vital mission to deliver zero-carbon energy from fusion.”
Future Prospects
The collaboration between UKAEA and First Light Fusion exemplifies the importance of independent validation in pioneering scientific research. UKAEA’s expertise and advanced modelling capabilities were instrumental in confirming First Light’s fusion results, supporting their journey towards commercialisation.
UKAEA welcomes the opportunity to collaborate on all types of fusion approaches, demonstrating its commitment to supporting diverse methodologies to lead the delivery of sustainable fusion energy.
For companies or individuals with similar projects, the Applied Radiation Technology (ART) team, a part of UKAEA’s Fusion Technology group, specialises in independent validation. The ART team has expertise and capabilities in advanced modelling and independent validation of results. For further inquiries or to discuss potential collaborations, please contact the ART team at chantal.shand@ukaea.uk
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